GET
問題 · 2026-05-21
Re https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/internationalmigration/bulletins/longterminternationalmigrationprovisional/yearendingdecember2025. 請闡釋英國淨移民人數下降的主要原因
英國2025年淨移民大幅下降主要由簽證政策收緊導致的工作及留學移民減少驅動。
英國2025年長期淨移民降至171,000人，較2024年減少約一半[1]。下降的核心驅動因素是政府實施的簽證政策收緊。工作簽證移民大幅減少，以工作為由抵英的人數下跌約47%[1]，主要源於技術工人簽證薪資門檻提高及照護人員攜帶家屬的限制[2][3]。留學移民方面，國際學生簽證政策變化——特別是禁止或限制大多數學生攜帶家屬入境——導致隨行家屬人數大幅減少，同時前幾年入學高峰期的學生陸續畢業離境，進一步推低淨留學移民[3]。非歐盟國民淨遷入從約511,000下降至約350,000，成為總淨移民下降的主要來源[1]。整體而言，總移入量下降約20%，而總遷出量僅略有下降，淨移民減少主要由移入減少驅動[1]。烏克蘭與香港等特殊人道主義簽證計劃的申請量在經歷初期高峰後已趨於平穩並開始回落，對整體淨移民的貢獻度已減弱[3]。
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